定义和用法
strftime() 函数根据区域设置格式化本地时间/日期。
语法
strftime(format,timestamp)参数 描述
format 可选。规定如何返回结果。
timestamp 可选。
提示和注释
提示:与 gmstrftime() 的行为相同,不同的是返回时间是本地时间。
例子
输出 strftime() 和 gmstrftime() 的结果:
<"%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98))); echo(gmstrftime("%b %d %Y %X", mktime(20,0,0,12,31,98))); //输出当前日期、时间和时区 echo(gmstrftime("It is %a on %b %d, %Y, %X time zone: %Z",time())); "%I:%M:%S %p" 一样 比如: 21:34:17 是 09:34:17 PM %R 和 "%H:%M" 一样 比如: 12:35 AM 是 00:35,4:44 PM 是 16:44 %S 两位数字表示秒 00 到 59 %T 和 "%H:%M:%S" 一样 比如: 09:34:17 PM 是 21:34:17 %X 当前区域首选的时间表示法,不包括日期 例如: 03:59:16 或 15:59:16 %z 从 UTC 的时区偏移 或 简写(由操作系统决定) 比如: 东部时间是 -0500 或 EST %Z %z 没有给出的 UTC 的时区偏移 或 简写(由操作系统决定) 比如: -0500 或 EST 是东部时间 时间和日期戳 --- --- %c 当前区域首选的日期时间表达 比如: 2009 年 2 月 5 日上午 12:45:10 是 Tue Feb 5 00:45:10 2009 %D 和 "%m/%d/%y" 一样 比如: 2009 年 2 月 5 日是 02/05/09 %F Same as "%Y-%m-%d" (commonly used in database datestamps) 比如:2009 年 2 月 5 日是 2009-02-05 %s Unix纪元的时间戳(和 time() 函数一样) 比如: 1979 年 9 月 10 日上午 8 点 40 分 00 秒是 305815200 %x 当前区域首选的时间表示法,不包括时间 比如: 2009 年 2 月 5 日是 02/05/09 其他 --- --- %n 换行符("\n") --- %t Tab 字符("\t") --- %% 文字上的百分字符("%")这个参数的最大长度是 1023 个字符。
Warning
尽管 ISO 9889:1999(当前的 C 标准)明确指出一周从星期一开始,但是 Sun Solaris 的一周似乎从星期天开始并作为 1。所以 %u 的结果也许不会和手册里描述得一样。Warning
仅针对 Windows:这个函数里 %e 修饰符修饰符还不能支持 Windows。 为了得到这个值可以用 %#d 修饰符来代替。下例说明了如何写一个跨平台支持的函数。Warning
仅针对 Mac OS X:这个函数里 %P 修饰符还不能支持 Mac OS X。timestamp
可选的 timestamp 参数是一个 integer 的 Unix 时间戳,如未指定,参数值默认为当前本地时间。也就是说,其值默认为 time() 的返回值。strftime()的用法举例如下:
select strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S','now','localtime');
结果:2018.06.21 21:41:09
其实更好的用法是这样的,比如统,本月或本年的支出:
select strftime('%Y-%m',日期) as 月份,sum(支出) as 月支出 from 流水帐 group by 月份;
Example #1 strftime() locale examples
<"C"); echo strftime("%A"); setlocale(LC_TIME, "fi_FI"); echo strftime(" in Finnish is %A,"); setlocale(LC_TIME, "fr_FR"); echo strftime(" in French %A and"); setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE"); echo strftime(" in German %A.\n"); "htmlcode"><"12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/28/2002")) . "\n"; // Outputs: 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002 echo "12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/30/2002")) . "\n"; // Outputs: 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003 echo "1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2003")) . "\n"; // Outputs: 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003 echo "1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/10/2003")) . "\n"; /* December 2004 / January 2005 ISOWk M Tu W Thu F Sa Su ----- ---------------------------- 51 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 52 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 53 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 */ // Outputs: 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004 echo "12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/23/2004")) . "\n"; // Outputs: 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004 echo "12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/31/2004")) . "\n"; // Outputs: 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005 echo "1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/2/2005")) . "\n"; // Outputs: 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005 echo "1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2005")) . "\n"; "htmlcode"><"htmlcode"><"%m/%d/%y"', 'E' => '', 'F' => 'Same as "%Y-%m-%d"', 'G' => 'The full four-digit version of %g', 'H' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 24-hour format', 'I' => 'Two digit representation of the hour in 12-hour format', 'J' => '', 'K' => '', 'L' => '', 'M' => 'Two digit representation of the minute', 'N' => '', 'O' => '', 'P' => 'lower-case "am" or "pm" based on the given time', 'Q' => '', 'R' => 'Same as "%H:%M"', 'S' => 'Two digit representation of the second', 'T' => 'Same as "%H:%M:%S"', 'U' => 'Week number of the given year, starting with the first Sunday as the first week', 'V' => 'ISO-8601:1988 week number of the given year, starting with the first week of the year with at least 4 weekdays, with Monday being the start of the week', 'W' => 'A numeric representation of the week of the year, starting with the first Monday as the first week', 'X' => 'Preferred time representation based on locale, without the date', 'Y' => 'Four digit representation for the year', 'Z' => 'The time zone offset/abbreviation option NOT given by %z (depends on operating system)', 'a' => 'An abbreviated textual representation of the day', 'b' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale', 'c' => 'Preferred date and time stamp based on local', 'd' => 'Two-digit day of the month (with leading zeros)', 'e' => 'Day of the month, with a space preceding single digits', 'f' => '', 'g' => 'Two digit representation of the year going by ISO-8601:1988 standards (see %V)', 'h' => 'Abbreviated month name, based on the locale (an alias of %b)', 'i' => '', 'j' => 'Day of the year, 3 digits with leading zeros', 'k' => 'Hour in 24-hour format, with a space preceding single digits', 'l' => 'Hour in 12-hour format, with a space preceding single digits', 'm' => 'Two digit representation of the month', 'n' => 'A newline character ("\n")', 'o' => '', 'p' => 'UPPER-CASE "AM" or "PM" based on the given time', 'q' => '', 'r' => 'Same as "%I:%M:%S %p"', 's' => 'Unix Epoch Time timestamp', 't' => 'A Tab character ("\t")', 'u' => 'ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week', 'v' => '', 'w' => 'Numeric representation of the day of the week', 'x' => 'Preferred date representation based on locale, without the time', 'y' => 'Two digit representation of the year', 'z' => 'Either the time zone offset from UTC or the abbreviation (depends on operating system)', '%' => 'A literal percentage character ("%")', ); // Results. $strftimeValues = array(); // Evaluate the formats whilst suppressing any errors. foreach($strftimeFormats as $format => $description){ if (False !== ($value = @strftime("%{$format}"))){ $strftimeValues[$format] = $value; } } // Find the longest value. $maxValueLength = 2 + max(array_map('strlen', $strftimeValues)); // Report known formats. foreach($strftimeValues as $format => $value){ echo "Known format : '{$format}' = ", str_pad("'{$value}'", $maxValueLength), " ( {$strftimeFormats[$format]} )\n"; } // Report unknown formats. foreach(array_diff_key($strftimeFormats, $strftimeValues) as $format => $description){ echo "Unknown format : '{$format}' ", str_pad(' ', $maxValueLength), ($description " ( {$description} )" : ''), "\n"; } "htmlcode"><"htmlcode"><"現在時間是:" . strftime('%d.%B %Y %H:%M:%S', time()); "htmlcode"><?php echo '日期時間格式化為:' . strftime('%d.%B %Y %H:%M:%S', strtotime('2018-10-15')); ?>日期時間格式化為:15.October 2018 00:00:00
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